The Brockville Railway Tunnel is Canada's first railway tunnel. It is located beneath the city of Brockville, Ontario and passes under the building to the north, built in 1863-64 as the Victoria Hall, but remodelled as the Brockville City Hall after 1904. The tunnel runs in a north/south direction from Water Street, for a distance of 527 m (1,730 ft). It was built by the Brockville and Ottawa Railway. Construction on the tunnel began in September 1854, but was not opened for rail traffic until December 31, 1860. The tunnel was designed to provide a rail link from the timber trade of the Ottawa Valley to the Brockville port facilities on the St. Lawrence River ship route. The Brockville and Ottawa Railway, incorporated in 1853, ran from Brockville, through Smiths Falls, to Sand Point, nearArnprior, with a branch line from Smiths Fallsto Perth.[1] Its first B&OR train left Brockville on January 25, 1859, almost two years before finances permitted completion of the tunnel. The Brockville and Ottawa Railway amalgamated in 1878 with the Canada Central Railway, which was later absorbed in 1881 by the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR). The rail line through the tunnel was later used by special height-shortened steam engines, and then diesel trains into the mid-1970s. The rails and ties were then sold, removed in the 1980s, and the Railway Tunnel was no longer used as it was built. In 1982, the tunnel was turned over to the City of Brockville by Marathon Realty, the real-estate wing of the Canadian Pacific Railway. During the Spring-Fall visitor season, the first 85 feet of the original tunnel has been opened daily for visitors. The historical story of the tunnel and a picture display can be viewed inside the tunnel. The current display track was installed to the original 5 foot 6 inchprovincial gauge. Adjacent to the tunnel is a refurbished CPRcaboose that was donated in 1987 to the city by the Canadian Pacific Railway. A detailed plaque,[2] in both English & French, describes the details and story of how cabooses were formerly part of every train. In 2016, the Railway Tunnel underwent an interior rehabilitation to make it possible for citizens and visitors to travel on foot through the inside, from the south portal to the north portal, coming out at the north-end gorge and ramp to the street level. As of August 12th, 2017, the construction is complete and the tunnel is open to the public.